Dimensions of the emerging orphan crisis in sub-Saharan Africa
Identifieur interne : 001032 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001031; suivant : 001033Dimensions of the emerging orphan crisis in sub-Saharan Africa
Auteurs : George Bicego [États-Unis] ; Shea Rutstein [États-Unis] ; Kiersten Johnson [États-Unis]Source :
- Social science & medicine : (1982) [ 0277-9536 ] ; 2003.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Afrique subsaharienne (épidémiologie), Caractéristiques familiales (ethnologie), Collecte de données, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Enquêtes de santé, Femelle, Humains, Niveau d'instruction, Placement en famille d'accueil (), Placement en famille d'accueil (tendances), Problèmes sociaux, Protection de l'enfance (tendances), Prévalence, Revenu, Répartition par âge, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (mortalité).
- MESH :
- ethnologie : Caractéristiques familiales.
- mortalité : Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise.
- tendances : Placement en famille d'accueil, Protection de l'enfance.
- épidémiologie : Afrique subsaharienne.
- Pascal (Inist)
- Adolescent, Collecte de données, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Enquêtes de santé, Femelle, Humains, Mortalité, Epidémiologie, Niveau d'instruction, Placement en famille d'accueil, Problèmes sociaux, Prévalence, Enfant, Afrique subsaharienne, Revenu, Répartition par âge, Santé publique, Orphelin.
- Wicri :
- topic : Mortalité, Enfant, Santé publique, Orphelin.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (mortality), Adolescent, Africa South of the Sahara (epidemiology), Age Distribution, Child, Child Welfare (trends), Child, Preschool, Data Collection, Educational Status, Epidemiology, Family Characteristics (ethnology), Female, Foster Home Care (statistics & numerical data), Foster Home Care (trends), Health Surveys, Humans, Income, Mortality, Prevalence, Public health, Social Problems, Sub-Saharan Africa.
- MESH :
- geographic , epidemiology : Africa South of the Sahara.
- ethnology : Family Characteristics.
- mortality : Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
- statistics & numerical data : Foster Home Care.
- trends : Child Welfare, Foster Home Care.
- Adolescent, Age Distribution, Child, Child, Preschool, Data Collection, Educational Status, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Income, Prevalence, Social Problems.
Abstract
This study uses recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data to examine levels, trends, and differentials in orphan prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. The first part of the analysis presents direct estimates of orphan prevalence in 17 countries during the period 1995-2000. We find a strong correlation between orphanhood prevalence and national adult HIV prevalence estimates lending support to the interpretation of the orphan crisis as, in large part, AIDS-related. The second part of the analysis consists of an in-depth study of trends and age-patterns in orphan prevalence and welfare in the 1990s for five countries that have had widely divergent HIV prevalence levels (Zimbabwe, Kenya, Tanzania, Ghana, and Niger). The vulnerability of orphans with respect to their situation in households and educational opportunities is evaluated in relation to non-orphans' experience. The results of the analysis indicate that losing one or both parents is significantly associated with diminished chances of being at the appropriate grade level for age. Our results are interpreted in the context of societal responses to the crisis, and potential recommendations for intervention.
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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uniqKey="Rutstein S" first="Shea" last="Rutstein">Shea Rutstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Global AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E41</s1><s2>Atlanta, GA 30333</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Kiersten" sort="Johnson, Kiersten" uniqKey="Johnson K" first="Kiersten" last="Johnson">Kiersten Johnson</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Global AIDS Program, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E41</s1><s2>Atlanta, GA 30333</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Géorgie (États-Unis)</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Social science & medicine : (1982)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Soc. sci. med. : (1982)</title><idno type="ISSN">0277-9536</idno><imprint><date when="2003">2003</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Social science & medicine : (1982)</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Soc. sci. med. : (1982)</title><idno type="ISSN">0277-9536</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (mortality)</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Africa South of the Sahara (epidemiology)</term><term>Age Distribution</term><term>Child</term><term>Child Welfare (trends)</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Data Collection</term><term>Educational Status</term><term>Epidemiology</term><term>Family Characteristics (ethnology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Foster Home Care (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Foster Home Care (trends)</term><term>Health Surveys</term><term>Humans</term><term>Income</term><term>Mortality</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Public health</term><term>Social Problems</term><term>Sub-Saharan Africa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Afrique subsaharienne (épidémiologie)</term><term>Caractéristiques familiales (ethnologie)</term><term>Collecte de données</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Enquêtes de santé</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Niveau d'instruction</term><term>Placement en famille d'accueil ()</term><term>Placement en famille d'accueil (tendances)</term><term>Problèmes sociaux</term><term>Protection de l'enfance (tendances)</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Revenu</term><term>Répartition par âge</term><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (mortalité)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Africa South of the Sahara</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethnologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Caractéristiques familiales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="ethnology" xml:lang="en"><term>Family Characteristics</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Foster Home Care</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="tendances" xml:lang="fr"><term>Placement en famille d'accueil</term><term>Protection de l'enfance</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="trends" xml:lang="en"><term>Child Welfare</term><term>Foster Home Care</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Afrique subsaharienne</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Age Distribution</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Data Collection</term><term>Educational Status</term><term>Female</term><term>Health Surveys</term><term>Humans</term><term>Income</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Social Problems</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Collecte de données</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Enquêtes de santé</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mortalité</term><term>Epidémiologie</term><term>Niveau d'instruction</term><term>Placement en famille d'accueil</term><term>Problèmes sociaux</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Afrique subsaharienne</term><term>Revenu</term><term>Répartition par âge</term><term>Santé publique</term><term>Orphelin</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mortalité</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Santé publique</term><term>Orphelin</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study uses recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data to examine levels, trends, and differentials in orphan prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. The first part of the analysis presents direct estimates of orphan prevalence in 17 countries during the period 1995-2000. We find a strong correlation between orphanhood prevalence and national adult HIV prevalence estimates lending support to the interpretation of the orphan crisis as, in large part, AIDS-related. The second part of the analysis consists of an in-depth study of trends and age-patterns in orphan prevalence and welfare in the 1990s for five countries that have had widely divergent HIV prevalence levels (Zimbabwe, Kenya, Tanzania, Ghana, and Niger). The vulnerability of orphans with respect to their situation in households and educational opportunities is evaluated in relation to non-orphans' experience. The results of the analysis indicate that losing one or both parents is significantly associated with diminished chances of being at the appropriate grade level for age. Our results are interpreted in the context of societal responses to the crisis, and potential recommendations for intervention.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Géorgie (États-Unis)"><name sortKey="Bicego, George" sort="Bicego, George" uniqKey="Bicego G" first="George" last="Bicego">George Bicego</name></region><name sortKey="Johnson, Kiersten" sort="Johnson, Kiersten" uniqKey="Johnson K" first="Kiersten" last="Johnson">Kiersten Johnson</name><name sortKey="Rutstein, Shea" sort="Rutstein, Shea" uniqKey="Rutstein S" first="Shea" last="Rutstein">Shea Rutstein</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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